ODAC News

 

Sunday 08 April

 

The Oil Depletion Analysis Centre

 

 

1/   Iran factor fails to put a lid on energy - Collection of other issues conspiring to support higher prices for commodity            (Globe and Mail, Thu 04 Apr)

2/   How Biofuels Could Starve the Poor   (Foreign Affaris [Council on Foreign Relations], May/June 2007)

3/   'Strong Possibility' Gas [petrol] Will Rise to $4            (ABC News, Wed 04 Apr)

4a/  Energy Group Releases Report - Peak Coal by 2025  (ODAC Bulletin Board, Thu 05 Apr)

4b/  No Time to Lose      (Energy and Capital, Fri 06 Apr)

4c/  Peak Coal and Mountaintop Removal            (Conserve, Thu 05 Apr)

5a/  Gazprom to start Shtokman pipeline supply in 2013, LNG in 2014       (Platts, Wed 04 Apr)

5b/  Gazprom, Total Discuss Cooperation Within Shtokman Project           (FC Novosti, Wed 04 Apr)

6/   Investment in Russia’s Energy Sector May Reach $420 Bln by 2020 [coal, nuclear expansion]   (FC Novosti, Fri 06 Apr)

7/   Plastics are on the run in San Francisco, the nation’s anti-petroleum capital     (Culture Change, Thu 29 Mar)

8a/  Total, Shell Chief Executives Say `Easy Oil' Is Gone  (Bloomberg, Thu 08 Apr)

8b/  Costs Threaten Total-Petronas Iran LNG Project         (Rigzone [Dow Jones Newswires], Thu 05 Apr)

9/   Mexico Tries To Save Big, Fading Oil Field     (Rigzone [Wall Street Journal via Dow Jones Newswires], Thu 05 Apr)

 

 

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1/         Iran factor fails to put a lid on energy - Collection of other issues conspiring to support higher prices for commodity       (Globe and Mail, Thu 04 Apr)

 

http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/LAC.20070405.RENERGY05/TPStory/Business

 

Comment:    I think this article will be pay-to-view soon. Most of article below.

 

Article:    The Iranian threat to global energy supplies eased yesterday, but that did little to cool the energy sector -- evidence that the investment story runs deeper than short-term geopolitical risk.

 

A collection of other factors, ranging from U.S. driving habits to shifting currency markets to Nigerian politics to seasonal idiosyncrasies, are conspiring to support higher prices for energy commodities. That means oil and gas stocks will continue to look attractive for the next several months, with room to continue to build on their recent gains, analysts said.

 

... According to the U.S. Department of Energy, gasoline inventories plunged five million barrels last week, exceeding the 300,000 barrels analysts had anticipated. Even though crude stockpiles jumped an unexpected 4.3 million barrels, the rapid erosion of gasoline supplies has caught investors' attention, with the high-demand summer driving season now less than two months away.

 

"Geopolitics make the headlines, but they really aren't the things that drive oil prices. It's product prices," said analyst Randy Ollenberger of BMO Nesbitt Burns Inc., who yesterday raised Canadian oil and gas stocks to "outperform" from "market perform."

 

While crude oil prices have risen 28 per cent since mid-January, the pace of U.S. gasoline price gains was double that, driven by continued heavy demand and chronically tight refining capacity.

 

U.S. gasoline inventories have now fallen for eight consecutive weeks, wiping out 22 million barrels or 10 per cent of the stockpiles in storage. In February, the supplies were at eight-year highs; now, they're below the five-year average.

 

Analysts said the pressure on the energy market could worsen before it gets better. Civil unrest surrounding this month's presidential election in Nigeria is already constraining oil output from that major exporter. The summer driving season promises to keep fuel demand elevated over the next several months, and early forecasts of a heavy hurricane season in the Caribbean could hit oil and gas supplies late in the season. A hot summer would also put upward pressure on prices for natural gas.

 

... "There is no shortage of paths for oil prices to travel to get to our [forecast of a] $70 average over the balance of the year," wrote CIBC World Markets Jeffrey Rubin in a report this week, adding that he sees the TSX energy group hitting record highs this year.

 

"There's good sector momentum," said Mr. Ollenberger, adding that over the next two quarters, "I think we've got 15- to 20-per-cent upside for the [TSX energy] group."

 

Of course, further gains depend largely on the commodity prices -- which, analysts acknowledged, might be at risk if the U.S. economy slows further, or if weather conditions turn out more benign than feared, or if any of the other threats don't come to pass.

 

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2/         How Biofuels Could Starve the Poor    (Foreign Affairs [Council on Foreign Relations], May/June 2007)

 

http://www.foreignaffairs.org/20070501faessay86305/c-ford-runge-benjamin-senauer/how-biofuels-could-starve-the-poor.html?mode=print

 

By C. Ford Runge and Benjamin Senauer

 

Comment:    As Lester R. Brown put it so succinctly in his recent article Massive Diversion Of U.S. Grain to Fuel Cars Is Raising World Food Prices, "And this is only the beginning". This article is much longer than Brown’s, looking at the issue in more detail, the history and politics – a good addition to Brown’s article. The USA love-affair with corn-based ethanol may well all go into reverse gear if and when Americans have to start paying noticeably higher prices for their food.

 

Article:    Now, thanks to a combination of high oil prices and even more generous government subsidies, corn-based ethanol has become the rage. There were 110 ethanol refineries in operation in the United States at the end of 2006, according to the Renewable Fuels Association. Many were being expanded, and another 73 were under construction. When these projects are completed, by the end of 2008, the United States' ethanol production capacity will reach an estimated 11.4 billion gallons per year. In his latest State of the Union address, President George W. Bush called on the country to produce 35 billion gallons of renewable fuel a year by 2017, nearly five times the level currently mandated.

 

The push for ethanol and other biofuels has spawned an industry that depends on billions of dollars of taxpayer subsidies, and not only in the United States. In 2005, global ethanol production was 9.66 billion gallons, of which Brazil produced 45.2 percent (from sugar cane) and the United States 44.5 percent (from corn). Global production of biodiesel (most of it in Europe), made from oilseeds, was almost one billion gallons.

 

The industry's growth has meant that a larger and larger share of corn production is being used to feed the huge mills that produce ethanol. According to some estimates, ethanol plants will burn up to half of U.S. domestic corn supplies within a few years. Ethanol demand will bring 2007 inventories of corn to their lowest levels since 1995 (a drought year), even though 2006 yielded the third-largest corn crop on record. Iowa may soon become a net corn importer.

 

The enormous volume of corn required by the ethanol industry is sending shock waves through the food system. (The United States accounts for some 40 percent of the world's total corn production and over half of all corn exports.) In March 2007, corn futures rose to over $4.38 a bushel, the highest level in ten years. Wheat and rice prices have also surged to decade highs, because even as those grains are increasingly being used as substitutes for corn, farmers are planting more acres with corn and fewer acres with other crops.

 

... Biofuels have tied oil and food prices together in ways that could profoundly upset the relationships between food producers, consumers, and nations in the years ahead, with potentially devastating implications for both global poverty and food security.

 

... One root of the problem is that the biofuel industry has long been dominated not by market forces but by politics and the interests of a few large companies. Corn has become the prime raw material even though biofuels could be made efficiently from a variety of other sources, such as grasses and wood chips, if the government funded the necessary research and development. But in the United States, at least, corn and soybeans have been used as primary inputs for many years thanks in large part to the lobbying efforts of corn and soybean growers and Archer Daniels Midland Company (adm), the biggest ethanol producer in the U.S. market.

 

... Adm owes much of its growth to political connections, especially to key legislators who can earmark special subsidies for its products. Vice President Hubert Humphrey advanced many such measures when he served as a senator from Minnesota. Senator Bob Dole (R-Kans.) advocated tirelessly for the company during his long career. As the conservative critic James Bovard noted over a decade ago, nearly half of adm's profits have come from products that the U.S. government has either subsidized or protected.

 

... Biofuels may have even more devastating effects in the rest of the world, especially on the prices of basic foods. If oil prices remain high -- which is likely -- the people most vulnerable to the price hikes brought on by the biofuel boom will be those in countries that both suffer food deficits and import petroleum. The risk extends to a large part of the developing world: in 2005, according to the un Food and Agriculture Organization, most of the 82 low-income countries with food deficits were also net oil importers.

 

Even major oil exporters that use their petrodollars to purchase food imports, such as Mexico, cannot escape the consequences of the hikes in food prices. In late 2006, the price of tortilla flour in Mexico, which gets 80 percent of its corn imports from the United States, doubled thanks partly to a rise in U.S. corn prices from $2.80 to $4.20 a bushel over the previous several months. (Prices rose even though tortillas are made mainly from Mexican-grown white corn because industrial users of the imported yellow corn, which is used for animal feed and processed foods, started buying the cheaper white variety.) The price surge was exacerbated by speculation and hoarding. With about half of Mexico's 107 million people living in poverty and relying on tortillas as a main source of calories, the public outcry was fierce. In January 2007, Mexico's new president, Felipe Calderón, was forced to cap the prices of corn products.

 

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3/         'Strong Possibility' Gas [petrol] Will Rise to $4          (ABC News, Wed 04 Apr)

 

http://abcnews.go.com/Business/story?id=3007435&CMP=OTC-RSSFeeds0312

 

Article:    For the past two weeks, Iran has not just been holding 15 British soldiers captive; it's been holding the world's oil markets hostage, too.

 

"There's been a $5 or $6 premium that's been built into the price of oil over this," said Phil Flynn, vice president and energy analyst at Alaron Trading. "Even though this crisis has ended, the oil market is still on guard that the tensions in the Middle East are going to continue."

 

Oil prices spiked this morning when Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad appeared on television, because of uncertainty over what he was going to announce. When he started awarding medals to the troops who had captured the Britons, traders assumed the worst.

 

But by the end of Ahmadinejad's television appearance it was apparent that the soldiers were heading home, and the price of a barrel of oil started to retreat from recent highs, giving up more than $1 to drop to about $64.

 

Analysts say that the price reduction should hold during the coming days but won't translate into lower prices at the pump.

 

"Things are looking pretty bad for the upcoming summer driving season," said Flynn, citing a new government report showing that the U.S. stockpiles of gasoline fell by 5 million barrels in the past week, much more than analysts were expecting.

 

Flynn said he believes gasoline prices will head into record territory — currently a nationwide average of $3.07 — by the height of the summer season.

 

"This is the time of year when we're supposed to be building supplies, but it seems like the refiners just can't get ahead of what has been very, very strong demand," he said.

 

Today's report shows that the national supply of gas is at the low end of its average range for this time of year, meaning the United States will have less gas in the tank before the peak summer driving season in the coming months.

 

Analysts said that puts the country on the edge, making any disruption in supply — such as a hurricane in the Gulf of Mexico refining regions or an expansion of the crisis in the Middle East — that much more dangerous.

 

"Everyone asks me, will we see $4 a gallon? And the answer is, there is a strong possibility that we may see $4 a gallon," said Flynn.

 

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4a/        Energy Group Releases Report - Peak Coal by 2025           (ODAC Bulletin Board, Thu 05 Apr)

 

http://www.odac-info.org/            Bulletin Board

 

Article:    A report just released by the Energy Watch Group concludes that global coal production will peak about 2025. From the report's Executive Summary, Conclusion and recommendation: <<Global coal reserve data are of poor quality, but seem to be biased towards the high side. Production profile projections suggest the global peak of coal production to occur around 2025 at 30 percent above current production in the best case. There should be a wide discussion on this subject leading to better data in order to provide a reliable and transparent basis for long term decisions regarding the future structure of our energy system. Also the repercussions for the climate models on global warming are an important issue.>> Some of the report's conclusions: Data are of poor quality; Six countries dominate coal globally (USA, Russia, India, China, Australia, South Africa); Fastest reserve depletion in China, USA beyond peak production. If the report conclusions are correct, this is good news for climate change and bad news for the global economy. The implication is that as natural gas supplies get tight over the next two decades, coal will be unable to replace gas for producing electricty. It also implies that there is no long-term future for producing liquid fuel from coal (see Fischer-Tropsch process, better known as coal-to-liquids). Read the report (PDF, 630 Kb, 47 pp).

See also Peak Coal - Coming Soon?

 

4b/        No Time to Lose     (Energy and Capital, Fri 06 Apr)

http://www.energyandcapital.com/articles/peak+oil-biofuel-natural+gas/399

 

Comment:    Chris Nelder reviews the above report and its implications in an overall energy context – Peak Oil, Peak Gas, Peak Coal and Peak Uranium.

Article:    Last week, I covered a startling new report on the remaining global reserves of coal. That report was really a blow, and put the final nail in the coffin of the fossil fuel age . . . make that the industrial age.

Here’s why.

As that report projected, the global peak for coal will likely be around 2020, maybe sooner.

If the ASPO’s projection is right, then the global oil peak (defined as “all liquids,” including non-conventional oil and natural gas liquids) will be around 2010. The conventional oil peak appears to have been 2005, and as I have discussed previously, it appears that we may have passed the peak of all crude oil production last year, but it will be another year or more before we’ll know. At any rate, it looks like some time between now and three years from now, we’ll be past the oil peak.

The global peak of natural gas will likely be around 2010 also, but could be as late as 2020. North America is past its peak, as ExxonMobil CEO Lee Raymond said in 2005: “Gas production has peaked in North America. [ . . . ] The facts are that gas production continues to decline, and will start to decline even more rapidly. By the time we get to that period (2010–2012), we’ll need it badly.”

And from a practical standpoint, we may be past the global peak of uranium production as well.

... According to our best, most realistic estimates, here’s how things stand globally:

Oil: peaking some time in the next three years, possibly already past the peak.

Gas: peaking some time in the next three to thirteen years.

Coal: peaking some time in the next thirteen years.

Nuclear: probably peaking some time in the next ten years, with lots of variables, but its use won’t increase substantially.

... We have some major challenges ahead. We have to change assumptions that everyone alive today has always taken for granted, like economies that constantly expand, populations that grow unchecked, and endless supplies of cheap fossil fuels.

The low-hanging fruit right now is clearly efficiency. Not just swapping out our light bulbs, but improving fuel economy and insulation, changing the ways we make buildings and reconfiguring entire communities with a goal toward relocalization.

Solar makes economic sense for just about anybody now, so it’s ready to take off. Wind and geothermal are also set for big growth. Biofuels clearly have a growing role, but innovations in transportation are popping up like daisies. And other, more distant solutions are out there beckoning for the large river of R&D money that’s rapidly flowing toward them.

The dimmer the reality of fossil fuels is, the brighter the future for renewables. I’m betting my career and my future on it.

But we’ve got a lot of work to do. There is no time to lose.

 

4c/        Peak Coal and Mountaintop Removal  (Conserve, Thu 05 Apr)

http://www.conservemag.com/2007/04/05/peak-oil-energy/peak-coal-and-mountaintop-removal/

Comment:    Looks like an interesting website. http://www.conservemag.com/

 

Article:    The biggest nightmare for global warming, aside from the Bush presidency, is the prospect that the world will burn more coal. Compared to other fossil fuels, coal creates the most greenhouse gas pollution per unit of energy.

But with oil and natural gas depleting, and other energy sources either maxed out (nuclear and hydroelectric) or years away (wind, solar and other renewables), the coal industry has already begun to step in aggressively to fill energy demand around the world, particularly in China and the U.S., the world’s two biggest coal users.

... But finally, there may be some good news — which is to say, some bad news for the industry — on both mountaintop removal and on the world’s future in coal.

... First, at the end of March U.S. District Judge Robert C. Chambers blocked four permits that the Army Corps of Engineers had issued to subsidiaries of coal giant Massey Energy to dump toxic tailings from mountaintop removal sites into mountain valleys.

... The second piece of news is that, however the companies are allowed to extract deposits, evidence has now surfaced that there may actually be far less recoverable coal underground than the industry has led us to think. If this proves to be true, a simple lack of supply could cut short today’s coal rush.

... Living with less energy will bring much inconvenience, and, if we are not prepared, some suffering as well. But in the long run, running out of coal is the best thing that could happen to slow down global warming pollution and save beleagured coalfield communities in Appalachia and around the world.

The sooner we start to do without coal, the better.

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5a/        Gazprom to start Shtokman pipeline supply in 2013, LNG in 2014          (Platts, Wed 04 Apr)

 

http://www.platts.com/Natural%20Gas/News/8971630.xml?p=Natural%20Gas/News&sub=Natural%20Gas&src=energybulletin

 

Comment:    “Development of the Shtokman project will start in 2011.”  Getting the gas flowing by 2013, which implies a two-year project, seems very optimistic. Ali Samsam Bakhtiari in his ‘The Shtokman Saga’ article suggests “At best, the 'First Phase' might come on stream by 2015”. Seems like the Russians have forgiven the USA and are exporting LNG to USA after all.

 

Article:    Russian gas giant Gazprom plans to start pipeline gas supplies from its Shtokman gas field in the Barents Sea in 2013 followed by the start of LNG supply from the field in 2014, a company official said Wednesday.

 

"First gas will be shipped via a 2,000 km long Vidyaevo-Volkhov pipeline, which will be linked with the Nord Stream export pipeline as early as 2013," said Alexander Shaikhutdimov, Gazprom's deputy head for transportation and storage department. "LNG supplies to the North American market will start in 2014," he said. Development of the Shtokman project will start in 2011.

 

This is the first time Gazprom has revealed its start-up schedule for the project after the company decided in late-2006 to develop the field without foreign partners and prioritize pipeline supplies...

 

 

5b/        Gazprom, Total Discuss Cooperation Within Shtokman Project  (FC Novosti, Wed 04 Apr)

 

http://www.fcinfo.ru/themes/basic/materials-rfcm-index.asp?folder=3192

 

Article:    Alexei Miller, CEO of Russian gas giant Gazprom, and Christophe de Margerie, director general of France’s Total, have discussed their companies’ cooperation in the gas sector during their meeting, in particular, the possibility of cooperating in the development of the Shtokman gas condensate deposit.

 

US-based ConocoPhillips and Norway’s Statoil and Hydro have reported their readiness to continue negotiations on the Shtokman project. According to various information sources, the Anglo-Dutch concern Royal Dutch Shell is also considering participation in the project.

 

The Shtokman deposit lies in the central part of the Russian Barents shelf segment. Its reserves are estimated at 3.7 trln cu m of gas and over 31 mln metric tons of gas condensate.

 

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6/         Investment in Russia’s Energy Sector May Reach $420 Bln by 2020 [coal, nuclear expansion]   (FC Novosti, Fri 06 Apr)

 

http://www.fcinfo.ru/themes/basic/materials-rfcm-index.asp?folder=3192

 

Comment:    In terms of future energy plans, Moscow’s thinking goes out to 2030, more than can be said for London / Washington. FC Novosti has been reporting over the last year Russia’s big plans to move away from gas-fired electricity to coal and nuclear, a plan that will take decades to fully implement. In the meantime, barring an economic recession, Russia is still likely to see gas shortages at home. To emphasize Russia’s plans:

 

By 2020, the share of coal-burning power plants is to grow tenfold from the 2006-2010 figure. The plan also provides for the commissioning of one power unit at Russian nuclear power plants a year until 2012, two power units in 2013, three in 2014-2015, and four power units a year since 2016.

 

Article:    The master plan for placing energy facilities in Russia until 2020 envisages $420 bln of investment, Vyacheslav Kravchenko, director of the Industry and Energy Ministry’s department for structural and tariff policy in natural monopolies, said at a recent forum devoted to the development of the Russian fuel and energy sector in the 21st century.

 

The bulk of the funds is to be invested in 2016-2020, mainly in the grid and distribution networks.

 

The programme provides for a substantial increase in the share of nuclear power plants and hydropower and coal-burning power plants through a reduction in the share of gas-burning power plants.

 

By 2020, the share of coal-burning power plants is to grow tenfold from the 2006-2010 figure. The plan also provides for the commissioning of one power unit at Russian nuclear power plants a year until 2012, two power units in 2013, three in 2014-2015, and four power units a year since 2016.

 

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7/         Plastics are on the run in San Francisco, the nation’s anti-petroleum capital  (Culture Change, Thu 29 Mar)

 

http://culturechange.org/cms/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=106&Itemid=2#cont

 

Comment:    The USA city of San Francisco has just decided to ban the use of plastic grocery bags, while we here in the UK cough at the idea of slapping a small tax on the use of plastic bags. The Jan Lundberg/ Culture Change article covers all aspects of the implications of the new city legislation in some detail, and contains useful links for further information. The following quote is from the UK Guardian Weekly (no link) which sums up the situation succinctly:

 

<<San Francisco bans the bags - San Francisco's city council has voted to make it the first US metropolis to ban plastic grocery bags from large supermarkets; current city consumption is 181m bags a year, which end up as landfill. Recyclable plastic bags will be permitted. >>

 

Article:    Come this fall, almost no one in San Francisco will be collecting plastic bags -- that are almost never recycled. These bags clog the City’s waste system and contaminate its compost program. The ban on petroleum-plastic shopping bags is in addition to the City’s recent styrofoam container ban and an imminent ban on phthalates (and eventually bisphenol-A) for children’s products. Let’s hear it for the City by the Bay and a small core of public servants and citizen activists.

 

... We are all up against industry propaganda to continue to use plastics and to believe they are so useful to be essential, while supposedly harmless. Political muscle is sometimes applied, such as when Arnold Schwartzenegger signed a law last year banning cities in California from putting a fee on plastic-bag distribution and from obtaining statistics from grocery retailers on bags distributed.

 

This maneuver, however, served to galvanize the outraged City of San Francisco Supervisors and Environment Dept. workers -- because they had almost passed a bag-fee ordinance in 2005, but the mayor instead went for a compromise with industry. That failed, as bag recycling continued to be miniscule, and the devious, bad faith of industry lobbyists in Sacramento was obvious. So now we have "pay-back time." The vote to inaugurate the new compostable-bag-substitution law to end the reign of petroleum plastic shopping bags was 10-1, and the mayor is behind it too...

 

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8a/        Total, Shell Chief Executives Say `Easy Oil' Is Gone            (Bloomberg, Thu 08 Apr)

 

http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601207&sid=aH57.uZe.sAI&refer=energy

 

Comment:    Christophe de Margerie, the chief executive officer of Total SA, is the only head of a major oil company to give a near-medium term date for Peak Oil, 2020. More telling, at the annual Scottish Oil Club gathering on the 9th March, where he was guest speaker, The Times as stated: <<[de Margerie] has also questioned whether it is possible to raise global oil output from today’s 85 million barrels per day to 100 million barrels per day, given the cost and logistical challenge.>> Note that de Margerie has now gone one step further and is now implying shortages.

 

Article:    The days of so-called ``easy oil'' are over, making it harder to meet demand without complicated and expensive projects, the heads of two of Europe's largest oil companies said today.

 

The International Energy Agency, an adviser to energy importing nations, estimates oil supply will have to rise 39 percent to 116 million barrels of oil a day by 2030 from about 86 million barrels a day now to meet world demand.

 

Meeting such targets with conventional oil sources will be ``extremely difficult,'' Christophe de Margerie, the chief executive officer of Total SA, Europe's third-largest oil company and its largest refiner, said at a conference in Paris today. New supply will be based on ``huge high-tech'' projects.

 

Jeroen van der Veer, the chief executive officer of Royal Dutch Shell Plc, Europe's largest oil company, said countries no longer seek Shell's help with conventional reserves, such as onshore oil or gas that's cheaper to develop than offshore fields.

 

``We can't expect profits in easy oil,'' Van der Veer said at the same conference. ``If there is easy onshore oil, people don't need Shell.'' He said there are enough opportunities for international oil companies to invest in complex, large oil and gas projects using new technology.

 

... ``Governments need to take their share of the responsibility'' de Margerie. ``Don't come crying when we are facing a shortage. We're going to face huge challenges to bring additional capacity on stream.'' ...

 

 

8b/        Costs Threaten Total-Petronas Iran LNG Project      (Rigzone [Dow Jones Newswires], Thu 05 Apr)

 

http://www.rigzone.com/news/article.asp?a_id=43558

 

Comment:    LNG supplies are projected to be tight enough as it is thro to as late as 2015, without the loss of another LNG project.

 

Article:    Rocketing costs on a planned $10 billion liquefied natural gas project in southern Iran are a serious threat to it going ahead, the chief executive of project partner Total SA (TOT) said Thursday, echoing a chorus of concern from energy producers over the viability of their expansion plans.

 

Christophe de Margerie told reporters Thursday that costs at the project, which aims to extract gas from Iran's massive South Pars field in the Persian Gulf, "are so high that they are close to damaging the project."

 

Margerie has previously estimated the cost of the project, in which Total holds 30%, at almost $10 billion. Malaysia's state run Petroliam Nasional Berhad, or Petronas, has a 20% stake while the National Iranian Gas Export Co. holds the remaining 50%.

 

"We have to renegotiate all our agreements" with suppliers, de Margerie said, adding costs "have more than doubled" in recent years and that this is a "strong concern."

 

One concern is the low number of local oil services companies in Iran and therefore reduced competition, he added.

 

Once the cost issue is resolved, he said, the company will then evaluate the geopolitical environment before making a final investment decision.

 

An Iranian lawmaker, speaking from Tehran, told Dow Jones Newswires that he was unaware that Total is concerned about the costs or may reconsider its position on the project.

 

"If they are thinking of pulling out I don't think it's because the costs are high," he said, suggesting the political environment may be playing a role.

 

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9/         Mexico Tries To Save Big, Fading Oil Field     (Rigzone [Wall Street Journal via Dow Jones Newswires], Thu 05 Apr)

 

http://www.rigzone.com/news/article.asp?a_id=43560

 

Comment:    Reads like a Peak Oil story, but no mention of Peak.

 

Article:    … A few decades and 12 billion barrels of oil later, the field that bears Mr. Cantarell's name is dying, and Pemex, as the state-owned company is known, is struggling to stave off the field's demise. From January 2006 though February 2007, Cantarell lost a staggering one-fifth of its production, with daily output falling to 1.6 million barrels from two million.

The oil industry was stunned. Cantarell, which currently produces one of every 50 barrels of oil on the world market, is fading so fast analysts believe Mexico may become an oil importer in eight years. That would batter Mexico's economy, which depends on oil exports to fund 40% of its government spending.

 

The continued deterioration of the world's second-biggest field by output would also put pressure on prices on the global oil market, where supplies are barely keeping up with growing demand as it is. And it would leave the U.S. even more dependent on Middle Eastern supplies -- and that much more vulnerable to political tumult in that region.

 

The demise of Cantarell highlights a global issue: Nearly a quarter of the world's daily oil output of 85 million barrels is pumped from the biggest 20 fields, according to estimates from Wood Mackenzie, a Scotland-based oil consulting firm. And many of those fields, discovered decades ago, could soon follow in Cantarell's footsteps.

 

It's widely believed that the world's biggest oil fields have already been found. In the decades leading up to the 1970s, the world discovered eight big fields that produced between 500,000 to one million barrels a day, according to Matthew Simmons, a veteran oil industry banker. During the 1970s and 1980s, only two were found. Since then, only one -- the Kashagan field in Kazakhstan -- has the potential to easily top the 500,000 barrel-a-day mark.

 

Two decades ago, about a dozen fields produced more than a million barrels a day. Now there are only four, one of which is Cantarell. The future of two others, discovered more than 50 years ago, remains in question. Some analysts speculate Saudi Arabia's Ghawar, the biggest field by far, could begin a gradual decline within a decade or so. Another, Kuwait's Burgan, is showing signs of maturity. In November of 2005, Kuwait Oil Co. lowered its estimate of the field's sustainable production level to 1.7 million barrels a day from 1.9 million a day...

 

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