ODAC News

 

Wednesday 09 May

 

The Oil Depletion Analysis Centre

 

 

1/   IEA and EIA Forecast UK To Be Net Oil Importer for 2007        (ODAC, Wed 09 May)

2/   Automobile Manufacturing in Russia Up 15.6% to 372,000 in 1Q07       (FC Novosti, Mon 07 May)

3/   Silence on geothermal deafening       (Toronto Star, Mon 07 May)

4/   Peak Oil or Dependence on Russian Gas – Which is more important for Turkish Public?            (Turkish Weekly, Mon 07 May)

5/   Nuclear power no cure for global warming       (Arabian Business [Reuters], Thu 03 May)

6/   Green groups dismayed as flights soar to record high  (The Independent, Wed 09 May)

7/   Taiwan, not Texas, may squeeze summer gasoline     (Reuters, Wed 09 May)

8/   Infrastructure projects in UAE exceed $300b   (Khaleej Times, Wed 09 May)

9/   U.S.’s thirst for liquid natural gas growing       (MSNBC, Tue 08 May)

10/  Exxon Mobil Says Peak Oil Unlikely in the Next 25 Years – Feedback            (Dr Mamdouh Salameh, Mon 07 May)

 

 

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1/         IEA and EIA Forecast UK To Be Net Oil Importer for 2007  (ODAC, Wed 09 May)

 

Comment:    Posted on the ODAC Bulletin Board today.

 

Article:    Forecasts from both the International Energy Agency (IEA) and the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) suggest that the UK will be a net oil importer for 2007. The details are summarised in an ODAC Press Release dated 12 March 2007. The US-based Oil and Gas Journal reported the story, ODAC: UK was net oil importer in 2006 (login required), in which a spokeswoman for the UK Offshore Operators Association (UKOOA, now called UK Oil and Gas) is quoted as saying: "we believe it now likely that the UK will become a net importer of oil from 2009 onwards". Only last July, in their UKOOA Economic Report 2006, UKOOA stated that the UK would be a net oil exporter until 2010 / 2011 (p13): "The UK has been self-sufficient in oil for the last 25 years and is expected to remain so for the next 4 or 5 years, if current new developments proceed as planned." The UK was a net oil importer each month Jan-May 2006 when this was published in July.

Data released yesterday, 8th May, shows that the EIA still forecasts the UK to be a significant oil importer this year, and considerably more so next year - see North Sea Oil Supply (Change from Previous Year). This graph shows that in 2007, the UK is forecast to produce about the same amount of oil as last year, and therefore net imports will be about the same as last year, about 130,000 barrels per day. See the UK Dept of Trade and Industry's Oil and Oil Products (Excel) - the provisional value for UK oil and oil products imports (net) for 2006 was 6.575 M tonnes, roughly 130K barrels/day. For the UK to be a net oil exporter during 2007, oil production would have to increase by about 130,000 b/d over 2006, not impossible but an unlikely scenario considering the EIA is forecasting no increase, the IEA 50K barrels/day (World Oil Production, PDF, Table 3). In summary, the days of the UK being a net oil exporter for more than a few months are over. The UK will return to being a net oil importer with a vengeance in 2008.

 

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2/         Automobile Manufacturing in Russia Up 15.6% to 372,000 in 1Q07        (FC Novosti, Mon 07 May)

 

http://www.fcinfo.ru/themes/basic/materials-rfcm-index.asp?folder=3352

 

Comment:    Growth in Russian car / lorry manufacture continues at about 15%, while Russian oil production growth is about 2%.

 

Article:    The production of automobiles in Russia in January-March 2007 went up 15.6%, to 372,000, compared to the first quarter of 2006. The output included 65,204 lorries (50,506 in 1q06) and 288,627 cars (253,777).

 

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3/         Silence on geothermal deafening          (Toronto Star, Mon 07 May)

 

http://www.thestar.com/columnists/article/211080

 

Comment:    We do not hear / read much about geothermal energy, as the article states.

 

Article:    Three months ago, the Toronto Star ran a lengthy story about an oil-industry consortium that is quietly exploring the use of geothermal heat as an alternative to using natural gas in the oil sands.

 

Today, natural gas is burned to produce the hot steam that's needed to extract bitumen from the tar sands. Alberta's world-famous sands are already the fastest-growing source of greenhouse gases in the country, and on the current growth path, emissions are expected to jump more than four-fold over the next 10 years.

 

Replacing much of this natural gas with clean, emission-free heat under the Earth's crust, a completely feasible option according to a recent research report out of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, would go an enormous way toward achieving a halt, and eventually a decline, in Canada's carbon emissions.

 

The problem is, nobody is making noise about it. Not Ottawa. Not the provinces. Not even environmental groups.

 

When the Harper government released its much-anticipated "green plan" in late April, there was no mention of geothermal in the oil sands. Gary Lunn, federal minister of Natural Resources Canada, has never publicly touted the option.

 

The situation is perplexing, to say the least.

 

On the other hand, Lunn has been quite vocal in pushing nuclear power and its potential as a source of energy in the oil sands.

 

... But it would be, at best, eight years before a nuclear plant is built in Alberta.

 

... Talk of putting nukes in the oil sands may, however, be overblown. Only a couple of oil sand developers, Husky Energy Inc. and France's Total SA, are exploring the option. Most of the noise is coming from Calgary-based Alberta Energy Corp., which in partnership with Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd. wants to build a $5.5 billion nuclear plant in the oil sands by 2016.

 

In March, a natural resources parliamentary committee advised in a report that any decision to put a nuclear plant in the oil sands should be put on hold until the impact can be assessed and other options are studied.

 

Meanwhile, major players in the sands – Shell Canada, Suncor Energy and Nexen, to name a few – are doing just that. As members of the GeoPower In The Oil Sands consortium, they are doing their homework, consulting with geologists and engineers, analyzing the business case in a quiet effort to understand geothermal's potential.

 

... In other words, like a nuclear plant, a geothermal setup would cost a lot upfront but would pay off over 20 or 30 years because of lower operating costs. The only difference is that geothermal doesn't require a fuel like uranium, which is skyrocketing in price.

 

... This is all good news. So why does nuclear keep capturing the headlines? Perhaps it's because the geothermal industry doesn't have a public relations machine behind it that's subsidized by the federal government.

 

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4/         Peak Oil or Dependence on Russian Gas – Which is more important for Turkish Public?            (Turkish Weekly, Mon 07 May)

 

http://www.turkishweekly.net/comments.php?id=2596

 

Comment:    Not an easy read, but something that all natural gas-dependent countries should be thinking about. Natural gas shortages at the global level are on the way. LNG supplies are forecast to double between now and 2010, but demand will more than double. If you have not listened to the Wood Mackenzie video on future LNG supplies (13.5 mins), it is recommended you do so. WM are just the latest in a long list of consultancies painting a bleak forecast for future LNG supplies. In Turkey’s case, they are worried about reliable supplies, via pipeline not LNG, from Russia. The gist of the article is what is of more concern – Peak Oil or natural gas shortages?

 

Article:    ... The same can be said for peak oil. Peak oil is a hot subject, but hardly any Turkish energy discussion involves it. It is more about market, sales, new investments, doomed scenarios regarding the energy dependency to regional countries. But in America, peak oil is much more debated than Turkey.

 

There may be several reasons for that including the long history of oil, developments and intellectual accumulation over the years with experience in the US. But one of the most important factors is the increase in oil prices increases the outrage and panic with respect to the life style of today.

 

As an example, Turkish roads have much smaller, European/Japanese style, an[d] increasingly diesel-powered [engine] cars. SUVs? What are they? [The author is making the point SUVs hardly exist in Turkey]

 

... And how about the prices? The prices are nearly three times of the US prices. And the GDP of Turkey is far lower than US. In the previous weeks, we have shown that the Turkish Diesel is around 256 dollars (US) a barrel and this price is increasing due to strengthening Turkish lira against US dollars.

 

... So, it will not be wrong to say that, Turkey’s high growth has not increased the oil consumption. There are different factors including taxes, prices and consumer expectancy for long term high prices for mobility sector in overall.

 

Is this an answer to why peak oil is not much debated in Turkey? Is this because, Turks are already practising peak oil measures? So what are the alternatives?

 

The answers to this questions is not easy. On important thing is the decrease in oil consumption growth does not necessarily diminished the energy imports. Turkey’s pitfall and preference in energy discussions lie here. Turkey’s problem is natural gas not oil. And most of the active discussion and strategy is based on natural gas which will not likely to peak soon.

 

... Turkey may not be oil addicted, but Turkey is well on the way to be a gas-addicted country. And due to market liberalisation, it is feared that this addiction to continue. The most feared is not the addiction by itself but addiction to a single largest supplier: Russia.

 

Therefore, it is not a big suprise to see anyone discussing about peak oil in Turkey, but rather talking about using domestic resources to produce electricity and reduce the dependency to Russian gas. Turks do not have big inefficient cars. And there are lots of incentives to use less oil, mainly because of high taxes on cars and oil. But the normative energy discussion in Turkey is the future about gas and electricity. Like safety belts and terrorism, the price increase in oil may have threaten American’s belief in abundance of oil, but for Turks the belief in low oil prices has ended up in 1996.

 

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5/         Nuclear power no cure for global warming    (Arabian Business [Reuters], Thu 03 May)

 

http://www.arabianbusiness.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=12097:nuclear-power-no-sure-cure-for-global-warming&Itemid=0

 

Comment:    It is not surprising that Greenpeace should be warning about nuclear energy, but the US the Council on Foreign Relations is taking a similar position, and making some good points.

 

Article:    The [Greenpeace] report pointed to current construction of a new generator in Finland that is 18 months behind schedule and $1 billion over budget. It also found that construction of a new nuclear plant takes about seven years on average.

 

Similarly, the Council on Foreign Relations, a Washington think tank, says it is almost impossible to build enough nuclear power plants to arrest the rise in earth temperatures. It would be hard for the nuclear industry to procure large amounts of reactor-grade construction materials and hire enough trained workers, the report said.

 

"Given the current U.S. energy sources and patterns of use, nuclear energy alone does not provide a solution for at least the next few decades for significantly reducing the U.S. contribution to global warming," wrote Charles Ferguson, the council's science and technology fellow.

 

To hold global carbon dioxide emissions at year 2000's levels, the world would need between 1,900 and 3,300 gigawatts of nuclear capacity by 2050, Ferguson wrote in the report, which was also sponsored by Washington and Lee University. The typical nuclear reactor produces about one gigawatt, or 1,000 megawatts, of power output. About one new reactor would have to come on line each week over the next four decades, he wrote.

 

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6/         Green groups dismayed as flights soar to record high       (The Independent, Wed 09 May)

 

http://news.independent.co.uk/environment/climate_change/article2524436.ece

 

Comment:    Very impressive growth rates. They can’t go on much longer.

 

Article:    Aviation growth is soaring to an all-time high, raising the prospect of a huge increase in the greenhouse gas emissions that cause global warming.

 

For the first time, more than 2.5 million commercial flights will be made around the world in a single month, with 2.51 million scheduled for May, says the flight information company OAG. This beats the previous record of 2.49 million flights last August.

The figure marks year-on-year global growth in flight numbers of 5 per cent, which translates as an extra 114,000 flights and 17.7 million extra passenger seats compared with May last year.

 

The growth rate, green campaigners said yesterday, would considerably outstrip any improvements the airlines could make in engine fuel efficiency or traffic management to bring down emissions. Aviation is the fastest-growing source of carbon dioxide, the principal greenhouse gas, and also the origin of other greenhouse gases including nitrous oxide and water vapour.

 

The new figures highlight not only the remorseless upward trend in global aviation, now greatly boosted by the cheap flights sector, but also astonishing increases in some individual countries. China's domestic flights as a whole are up by 18 per cent year on year, and international flights to and from the country have risen by 17 per cent.

 

Flights to and from Russia are up by 16 per cent since this time last year, while flight numbers to and from the two new EU member states, Romania and Bulgaria, are up by 14 per cent and 10 per cent respectively. Flights in and out of Britain are up by 7 per cent over the year - an extra 8,000 trips and an increase of 1.9 million, or 10 per cent, in seat numbers. The increases are even more remarkable in the low-cost sector. Cheap flights to and from Spain are up 68 per cent in a year, with seat numbers up by 77 per cent - an increase of 2.5 million.

 

... executive director of Greenpeace. "If Gordon Brown becomes prime minister he should tax aviation fuel and call a halt to airport expansion."

 

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7/         Taiwan, not Texas, may squeeze summer gasoline (Reuters, Wed 09 May)

 

http://www.reuters.com/article/reutersEdge/idUSSP15612820070509

 

Comment:    More info on why gasoline / petrol prices may go much higher this summer. According to this Platts podcast (3.5 mins , item 6b in Monday’s ODAC News), the problem is a shortage of naphtha which is one of several components of gasoline / petrol. European-manufactured naphtha is being exported to Asia because the demand is so high / prices are so good, the main discussion point of the Reuters article below. According to the Platts podcast, this will result in higher petrol / gasoline prices everywhere over the spring / summer months, although this is not mentioned in the Reuters article. Interestingly, the tone in the Platts podcast is one of concern / worry about how high prices will go, which is not apparent in the Reuters article, or the US EIA’s Short-Term Energy Outlook released yesterday. Note that Platts is forecasting UK petrol prices to start going up about now, at the same time as crude prices are dropping. In theory, crude prices could keep dropping or remain stationary while petrol / gasoline keeps rising. The UK electorate will not be happy, egged on by catchy media headlines. 

 

Article:    If U.S. gasoline prices rally further this summer, traders will have as much cause to blame a new petrochemical plant in Taiwan as any refinery in Texas.

 

Analysts have expected Taiwan conglomerate Formosa Petrochemical Corp.'s new 1.2 million tonnes per year (tpy) naphtha cracker -- the biggest in Asia -- to push up naphtha values when it starts up later this month, turning up to 90,000 barrels per day (bpd) of the feedstock into ethylene.

 

But some are drawing a link between the tightening market for Asian naphtha -- which has rebounded to near the unexpected record highs of March -- and U.S. gasoline, stocks of which saw their sharpest spring decline on record mainly on lower imports.

 

The Formosa cracker is the latest in a string of new and expanded petrochemical plants across Asia. It will launch just days before the peak driving season in the U.S., underscoring the growing global competition for light-end oil products.

 

... Driven by margins, companies that run reformers -- refining units that can transform aromatic naphtha into either gasoline blendstock or a petrochemical feed -- have maximized the latter.

 

"It looks like more than two-thirds of Asia's reforming capacity is now being pushed into aromatics petrochemicals -- normally it's one-third or less," says Al Troner, who runs Asia Pacific Energy Consulting Inc., a firm that advises oil companies on Asian refinery slate issues and feedstock markets.

 

With regional reforming capacity estimated at around 2.5 million bpd, that one-third swing may have cut out as much as 800,000 bpd in gasoline blendstock output, Troner estimated.

 

... Analysts warned that the renewed surge in naphtha values to near record-high premium of more than $200 a tonne to Brent crude could stymie further flows, and keep pulling until the next tranche of new Asian refining capacity in late 2008 or 2009.

 

... "The U.S. is no longer the strongest bid for global supplies [of gasoline]," analysts at Goldman Sachs said in a report a week ago.

 

Quicker economic growth outside the United States, the weakness of the U.S. dollar aiding non-dollar buyers and heavy European refinery maintenance have limited the inflows, it said. The report did not mention the effect of naphtha markets.

 

"Gasoline prices will likely have to spike further to invite more supply or moderate demand growth," it said.

 

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8/         Infrastructure projects in UAE exceed $300b (Khaleej Times, Wed 09 May)

 

http://www.khaleejtimes.com/DisplayArticleNew.asp?xfile=data/business/2007/May/business_May303.xml&section=business&col

 

Comment:    An ODAC News reader writes:

 

“From another article I cannot fined I read the AGCC [GCC?] now consumes 17% of its oil extraction domestically with consumption increasing 5% per annum in recent years and 9% for electricity use. All these mega projects and increasing populations will almost certainally accelerate this leaving less and less for exports (though products may increase).”

 

Article:    ... "Although most of these expenditures are in the hydrocarbon sector, well over $100 billion is in power generation, with the GCC's annual average power consumption growing by 9 per cent per annum, more than three times the global average. More than $50 billion of the GCC's capital projects are in the industrial sector," said Morse in his report entitled "Beyond petrodollars: Globalisation and sustainable development in the Middle East," published yesterday by the global investment bank...

 

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9/         U.S.’s thirst for liquid natural gas growing      (MSNBC, Tue 08 May)

 

http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/18556688/

 

Comment:    Nothing in the article about tight LNG supplies ahead.

 

Article:    ... Energy companies have proposed 35 new U.S. terminals in 10 states and five offshore areas near the coast. Eighteen terminals have been approved by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission.

 

The majority of the projects are proposed for the Northeast, which has seen huge price increases for heating oil and public distrust of nuclear power; California, where natural gas is in high demand for power generation; and the Gulf Coast, where LNG processors can easily plug the finished gas product into interstate pipelines.

 

... In 1999, gas traded on the New York Mercantile Exchange at an average price of $2.35 per million British thermal units. Last year, the price averaged $9.20. In between, there were price spikes as high as $20.

 

The United States consumes about 60 billion cubic feet of gas per day — about a quarter of its energy consumption. Gas heats more than 60 million U.S. homes and is the fuel of choice for generating power in many areas.

 

At the same time, gas supplies are getting tighter.

 

In the Gulf of Mexico, production has declined by more than 4 billion cubic feet per day since 2001, while production in the North Sea is dropping by 15 percent a year as easy-to-reach deposits play out. Alternatives such as deepwater drilling in the Gulf, drilling deep into the bottom of shallower Gulf waters and going after gas in the Rocky Mountains are more expensive...

 

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10/        Exxon Mobil Says Peak Oil Unlikely in the Next 25 Years – Feedback    (Dr Mamdouh Salameh, Mon 07 May)

 

Background:    Monday’s item 3 was:           Exxon Mobil Says Peak Oil Unlikely in the Next 25 Years   (Daily Reckoning, Thu 03 May)

 

http://www.dailyreckoning.com.au/exxon-mobil-peak-oil/2007/05/03/

 

Dr Mamdouh Salameh sent the following comment in response to Exxon Mobil’s position peak oil.

 

Feedback:   The governments of the major oil-consuming countries as well as Exxon Mobil and the other multi-national oil companies and some international organizations such as the International Energy Agency (IEA) are in a state of denial about the reality and implications of peak oil.

 

Global conventional oil production peaked in 2006. However, my own research indicates that the peak may have already been reached in 2004 if we factor in what I describe as “OPEC’s inflated proven oil reserves”. My research indicates that OPEC’s proven oil reserves are overstated by some 300 billion barrels (bb).  The current price fluctuations for crude oil are a manifestation of the peak.

 

A peak in oil production would manifest itself by rapidly escalating prices, a slowdown in production, a growing supply deficit, declining discovery rate of new oil and also a declining Energy Return on Investment ratio. All these characteristics exist today.

 

A delay or even a reversal of the peaking of conventional oil production could have been achieved by two pivotal factors: New major crude oil discoveries and an improvement in oil recovery rates. However, world oil discovery peaked in 1962 and production of conventional oil peaked in 2006. This means that sizeable reserves could only be added through a major improvement of the oil recovery rates.

 

And despite the great technological strides by the oil industry, the average global oil recovery rate has been stuck at 32% of the oil in place since the early 1990s. However, rates of 50% and even 55% have been achieved in the North Sea and also in the most recently-developed, state-of-the-art “Shaybah oilfield” in Saudi Arabia respectively. But I hasten to add that 90% of Saudi oil production comes from four giant oilfields (Ghawar, Safaniya, Hanifa and Khafji), all of which are more than 50 years oil and are being kept flowing by a huge injection of water. Oil recovery rate from these four oilfields ranges between 25% and 30%. They are on the verge of seeing a collapse of 30%-40% of their production in the imminent future and imminent means sometime in the next 3-5 years – but it could even be tomorrow. The same logic and the same oil recovery rates apply to the ageing giant oilfields in Iran, UAE, Kuwait and the rest of the Arab Gulf.

 

Peak oil is not only a reality but is already impacting on oil prices, the world economy and the global energy security. The almost quadrupling of oil prices since 2002 is not an anomaly but a picture of the future. With the peaking of global conventional oil production, geopolitics and market economics will result in even more significant price increases and security risks. Oil wars are certainly not out of the question. Moreover, the days of inexpensive, convenient and abundant energy sources are quickly drawing to a close.

 

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