ODAC News

 

Wednesday 06 June

 

The Oil Depletion Analysis Centre

 

 

1/   Subsea industry suffers shortage as skills pool shrinks           (The Herald, Fri 01 Jun)

2/   Gazprom woes could hurt Putin's drive for energy dominance   (International Herald Tribune, Mon 04 Jun)

3/   High oil price, supply fears help turn coal to fuel          (Khaleej Times [Reuters], Mon 04 Jun)

4/   Druzhba Pipeline Abandoned (FC Novosti, Fri 01 Jun)

5a/  Cyclone hits Gulf state of Oman       (BBC News, Wed 06 Jun)

5b/  Cyclone Gonu Thread 3--Omani Landfall        (The Oil Drum, Wed 06 Jun)

6/   Wheat prices surge on Romania drought [Oil stocks]  (Financial Times, Tue 05 Jun)

7a/  Energy Security and Uranium Reserves         (Oxford Research Group, July 2006)

7b/  NATIONAL NEWS: Nuclear plants will not attract investors, say academics     (Financial Times, Wed 06 Jun)

8/   Drive on biofuels risks oil price surge  (Financial Times, Wed 06 Jun)

9/   The Oil Depletion Protocol: An Update           (Global Public Media [Richard Heinberg's Museletter], Mon 04 Jun)

10/  Azerbaijan could produce 50 Bcm/year of gas by 2016: Bryza (Platts, Wed 06 Jun)

 

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1/         Subsea industry suffers shortage as skills pool shrinks    (The Herald, Fri 01 Jun)

 

http://www.theherald.co.uk/business/news/display.var.1440214.0.0.php

 

Comment:    Tagged on to the end of this article (not written by the journalist) is a bit about North Sea depletion. In the first sentence the article states ‘May’, it means March. See original RBS report. What is odd though is that while the RBS states “monthly production fell 5% in March” compared to February, the DTI data for the same period shows a roughly 5% increase in production Feb to March.

 

Article:    THE decline in oil and gas production in the North Sea continued through May with a fall of 14% year-on-year - in spite of near-record investment in 2006.

 

Moreover, monthly production fell 5% in March, after it increased during five of the previous six months.

 

Andrew McLaughlin, chief economist at Royal Bank of Scotland, said: Despite increased drilling activity, the underlying long-term decline in production is unlikely to be reversed."

 

Meanwhile, crude oil prices have been driven higher in recent weeks, averaging in the mid-$60s. McLaughlin said most noteworthy during the latest run-up in prices is the widening premium of Brent over West Texas Intermediate.

 

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2/         Gazprom woes could hurt Putin's drive for energy dominance   (International Herald Tribune, Mon 04 Jun)

 

http://www.iht.com/articles/2007/06/04/business/gazprom.php

 

Comment:    A fairly good an up-to-date overview of Gazprom. “the Zapolyarnoye field, peaked in 2005” – Zapolyarnoye is not in decline, ‘reached a plateau’ would be more appropriate in this particular case. The aim is to keep production steady for a few decades, if possible. Jonathan Stern is a recognised expert on Russian gas production, if he thinks there might be a gas supply crisis within 3-4 years, we should be taking note.

 

Article:    … Yet in Gazprom's tinted-glass tower in southern Moscow, company managers are wrestling with a raft of issues. Wood Mackenzie Consultants, a firm based in Edinburgh, said that Gazprom's annual production would grow no more than 1 percent a year until the end of the decade. Gazprom's three major fields - Medvezhye, Urengoi and Yamburg - are all in decline, and its newest big development, the Zapolyarnoye field, peaked in 2005, producing 100 billion cubic meters of natural gas that year.

 

The International Energy Agency, the advisory body for wealthy energy-consuming nations, admonished Gazprom last year for not investing enough in new fields.

 

Gazprom now buys about 55 billion cubic meters a year from the former Soviet republics of Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, which is 10 percent of its own production.

 

Jonathan Stern, director of natural gas research at Britain's Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, said, "It's not an immediate crisis, but within three to four years, it could be."

 

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3/         High oil price, supply fears help turn coal to fuel      (Khaleej Times [Reuters], Mon 04 Jun)

 

http://www.khaleejtimes.com/DisplayArticleNew.asp?xfile=data/business/2007/June/business_June99.xml&section=business&col=

 

Comment:    The latest overview of coal-to-liquids progress. A good indicator perhaps of just how little CTL is likely to contribute to global oil/liquids production in the future: “The United States’ Energy Information Administration has revised upwards its forecast for world coal to-liquids production to 2.4 million barrels of oil equivalent per day by 2030 in its 2007 International Energy Outlook, compared with 2.1 million in its 2006 outlook.” If the EIA forecast for total liquids in 2030 is still 120 Mb/d, then CTL would be about 2%. Except of course that we are close to peak and as things look right now we will be lucky to reach 90 Mb/d.

 

Article:    … It was also used for fuel in South Africa during the isolation caused by apartheid and the country still derives around 30 percent of its gasoline and diesel needs from indigenous coal, the London-based World Coal Institute said.

 

South Africa’s Sasol is so far the only commercial producer of transport fuel from coal but China is expected to start producing coAl to-liquids late this year.

 

In the United States, coal companies are assessing the commercial viability of coAl to-liquids projects, with at least one project expected to come on stream around 2011-12.

 

Apart from the widespread availability of coal -- it is mined in more than 50 countries worldwide and present in more than 70 -- advocates of coAl derived fuels say they can be clean, provided that carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology is used to bury emissions produced during manufacture…

 

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4/         Druzhba Pipeline Abandoned    (FC Novosti, Fri 01 Jun)

 

http://www.fcinfo.ru/themes/basic/materials-rfcm-index.asp?folder=3192

 

Comment:    The Druzhba pipeline is the one that the Russians shut down at short notice last year, cutting off supplies to a Lithuanian refinery. See Lithuania suspects Russian oil grab (NY Times, 27 Oct 2006)

 

Article:    Russia’s Industry and Energy Minister Viktor Khristenko told a conference in Paris that he did not think it reasonable to restore the Druzhba pipeline abandoned after an oil spill accident in Russia’s Bryansk Region. He said the only options were to rebuild the pipeline altogether or to continue oil shipments to Lithuanian refinery Mazeikiu nafta by sea.

 

[The article goes on to say that over 8000 faults were found in the Druzhba pipeline. Are there other Russian oil pipelines in this state?)

 

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5a/        Cyclone hits Gulf state of Oman            (BBC News, Wed 06 Jun)

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/6722749.stm

 

Article:    A powerful cyclone is passing near the Gulf state of Oman, bringing heavy rains to the capital, Muscat.

Tropical Cyclone Gonu is continuing north-west towards Iran but wind speeds have dropped to about 100mph (175 km/h).

 

Thousands of residents were evacuated from Oman's coast and the offshore island of Masirah. Hundreds have also been evacuated from the Iranian coast.

 

The storm is the most powerful in the region for 60 years.

 

The US military predicted that Gonu would become a "very weak" tropical cyclone over the next 48-72 hours.

 

But there were predictions that heavy rains could cause flash flooding by the time Gonu reached the south coast of Iran...

 

 

5b/        Cyclone Gonu Thread 3--Omani Landfall        (The Oil Drum, Wed 06 Jun)

 

http://www.theoildrum.com/node/2629#more

 

Comment:    For in depth analysis of the cyclone, and why it matters to oil and gas supplies, see the Oil Drum.

 

Article:    Why might Cyclone Gonu matter? Well, that answer begins with the fact that the world production of petroleum plateauing around 85 mbbl/day, any slight blip in supply or exporting could be quite noticeable on the world markets as a sizeable portion of the world's petroleum exports go through the Gulf of Oman.

 

Particularly, Oman matters in this because it produces 743,000 bbl/day; Oman is also a net exporter, non-OPEC, whose production peaked earlier in the decade.

 

Of course, this storm also has the potential to affect Iran, UAE, India, and/or Pakistan for that matter--mainly because of shipping disruptions, but there could be some real effects on infrastructure and assets depending on storm surge, track and landfall. There are also refining and other production assets in Southern Iran

 

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6/         Wheat prices surge on Romania drought [Oil stocks]         (Financial Times, Tue 05 Jun)

 

http://search.ft.com/nonFtArticle?id=070606000726

 

Comment:    Interestingly, the article comments on oil stocks: “Crude and product stocks in developed [countries?] fell in the six months to March at an “unusually high” rate of 900,000 barrels per day, according to the IEA.” In other words, demand outstripped supply by almost 1 Mb/d, for 6 months.

 

Article:    European and US wheat prices surged on Tuesday after Romania said prolonged drought would reduce this year’s wheat harvest to a four-year low.

 

Romania expects its wheat harvest to fall by 46 per cent to 2.9m tonnes while its barley production crop is forecast to decline 30 per cent to 235,000 tonnes.

 

... Drought has also badly affected wheat production in Ukraine, which on Monday moved to introduce a ban on grain exports.

 

... Crude and product stocks in developed fell in the six months to March at an "unusually high" rate of 900,000 barrels per day, according to the IEA.

 

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7a/        Energy Security and Uranium Reserves         (Oxford Research Group, July 2006)

 

http://www.oxfordresearchgroup.org.uk/publications/briefing_papers/energyfactsheet4.php

 

Comment:    Links to a 4-page PDF file. Graph 1 on page 1, “Depletion of world known recoverable resources, 2006-2076”, shows succinctly how the grade of uranium can drop to about 100th its current value over the next 20-30 years.

 

Article:    This factsheet, by Jan Willem Storm van Leeuwen (an independent nuclear analyst), shows that supplies of the high-grade uranium ore required to fuel nuclear power generation will, at current levels of consumption, last to about 2034. After that date, recoverable uranium ores would be of such a low-grade that more and more energy (and therefore more CO2 emissions) would be required to produce uranium fuel.

 

The nuclear industry knows this, and plans to use a combination of uranium from spent uranium fuel and plutonium dioxide (MOX fuel) to power future nuclear reactors. MOX fuel is produced in reprocessing plants such as Sellafield, and transported by train and boat to Japan and Europe...

 

 

7b/        NATIONAL NEWS: Nuclear plants will not attract investors, say academics    (Financial Times, Wed 06 Jun)

 

http://search.ft.com/nonFtArticle?id=070606000692

 

Comment:    The UK government wants to build new nuclear power plants, but wants someone else to pay. The article also points out that if the UK does not go for nuclear, the alternative is gas-fired power stations.

 

Article:    New investment in nuclear power and renewable energy may not materialise because the government has failed to understand the needs of investors, a group of energy experts is warning.

 

In a report to be published today, the UK Energy Re-search Centre, a government-backed academic group, argues that ministers show signs of continuing to believe that there is a Central Electricity Generating Board that can be directed to follow policy objectives.

 

In Britain's highly competitive and fragmented electricity industry, the academics argue, the government's objectives depend on the private sector taking decisions to invest tens of billions of pounds, which will not necessarily be forthcoming.

 

Robert Gross of Imperial College London and UKERC said: "The government has set very ambitious goals for reducing carbon dioxide emissions, but at the mo-ment it is impossible to see how those goals will be met. Some-how you have to get the private sector to invest in building nuclear power stations and more renewable generation, and get away from what the market would like to build, which is essentially more gas-fired power stations." He said last month's energy white paper had not included enough analysis of the calculations of risk and reward that would be made by investors.

 

Without such analysis, he said, the government risked making more mistakes like the Re-newables Obligation, setting incentives for companies to sell electricity from renewable sources, which encouraged investment in on-shore wind farms, landfill gas production and little else.

 

In the white paper, the government promised to re-move barriers to nuclear development over issues such as licensing, planning and waste. Several companies have expressed an interest in new nuclear power stations, but many investors remain sceptical of their commercial appeal.

 

In spite of the uncertainties, EDF Energy, the UK arm of the French EDF Group, yesterday reiterated its commitment to be the first company to open one of the new generation of nuclear power stations.

 

Vincent de Rivaz, EDF Energy's chief executive, told the FT his ambition was to build four new plants, opening a new one every two years after the first, which has a target date of the end of 2017, although EDF might share the ownership of some or all of them.

 

However, EDF is also planning to build one or two new gas-fired power stations, to help meet the shortage of generating capacity that it expects to emerge in the next decade.

 

In a speech to a nuclear industry forum today Mr de Rivaz will warn that the threat of a tight electricity supply balance in the next decade means that "we do not have the luxury of time", and if new nuclear investment does not proceed rapdily, the gap will be filled by more gas-fired powerstations.

 

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8/         Drive on biofuels risks oil price surge  (Financial Times, Wed 06 Jun)

 

http://www.ft.com/cms/s/aeb9a650-136e-11dc-9866-000b5df10621.html

 

Article:    Opec yesterday warned western countries that their efforts to develop biofuels as an alternative energy source to combat climate change risked driving the price of oil "through the roof".

 

Abdalla El-Badri, secretary- general of the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, said the powerful cartel was considering cutting its investment in new oil production in response to moves by the developed world to use morebiofuels.

 

The warning from Opec, which controls about 40 per cent of global oil production, comes as the group of eight leading industrialised nations meets today with climate change at the top of its agenda. The US and Europe want to use biofuels to combat global warming and to strengthen energy security.

 

Opec has previously expressed scepticism about alternative energy but Mr El-Badri's comments mark the first clear threat that the cartel might act to safeguard its interests in the face of a shift towards biofuels.

 

"They are really concerned," said Julian Lee of the Centre for Global Energy Studies in London. "Opec will continue investing, but with biofuels on the horizon, they may not invest enough."

 

"It is a difficult situation for Opec. On one hand they are asked to produce more, on the other one, Washington and Brussels are telling the cartel 'we are betting on biofuels and we don't want to rely on you [Opec]'."

 

George W. Bush, the US president, has pledged to cut US petrol use by 20 per cent over the next 10 years through more efficient vehicles and a big increase in biofuel consumption.

 

World production of biofuels, which are derived from agricultural commodities such as corn and sugar, was equal to 1 per cent of all road transport fuelin 2005.

 

Mr El-Badri warned that biofuel production could prove unsustainable in the medium term as it competed with food supplies. Biofuels are one reason retail food prices are now heading for their biggest annual increase in about 30 years.

 

Mr El-Badri said this meant the biofuel strategy championed by Mr Bush and European leaders would backfire because "you don't get the incremental oil and you don't get the ethanol".In this case, he warned, oil prices would go "through the roof".

 

He said Opec members had so far maintained their investment plans but he warned: "If we are unable to see a security of demand . . . we may revisit investment in the long term."

 

Opec plans to invest about $130bn (£65.3bn) until 2012 to raise its oil output. Excluding production from Iraq, the cartel forecasts a capacity of 39.7m barrels of crude oil per day in 2010, up from today's 35.7m b/d. From 2013 to 2020 Opec plans to invest another $500bn in production infrastructure but that could change depending on the biofuels outlook, Mr El-Badri said.

 

Global oil benchmark Brent touched $70.60 a barrel yesterday, close to a nine-month high.

 

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9/         The Oil Depletion Protocol: An Update            (Global Public Media [Richard Heinberg's Museletter], Mon 04 Jun)

 

http://globalpublicmedia.com/richard_heinbergs_museletter_the_oil_depletion_protocol_an_update

 

Article:    Relevant developments during these few months have been both encouraging and discouraging.

 

First the encouraging items. The Oil Depletion Protocol (ODP) has been explicitly endorsed by several cities, including San Francisco, California and Bloomington, Indiana. More significantly, perhaps, it has been implicitly adopted in the targets of the Portland, Oregon peak oil task force. The Peak Oil task force of Oakland, California will likely make similar recommendations (I’m a member of that task force).

 

... Now for the discouraging developments. There was not an enormous amount of immediate public or official response to the book. There has so far been no discussion of the Protocol at high levels of government in any nation—including Sweden, which has set a target for reducing petroleum dependence that is close to the Protocol’s mandate. And sales of the book have been relatively slow (about 5,000 copies so far). There are several possible explanations for the Protocol’s tepid take-off.

 

Of course, increasing public awareness of the threat of climate chaos is a very good thing. However, as I have discussed elsewhere (see MuseLetter #177, “Bridging Peak Oil and Climate Change Activism”), ignorance of energy supply issues is likely to lead to climate solutions that fail. And lack of attention specifically to the problem of oil depletion may well lead to an economic and geopolitical crisis in which efforts to stabilize climate will be thrown overboard as nations desperately attempt to maintain their economies and their geopolitical influence (more discussion on this below). Hence the need for special policies to address the problem of Peak Oil on its own terms—of which the Oil Depletion Protocol is the clearest and simplest I have seen.

 

This slower-than-hoped-for progress in publicizing the ODP is leading to a reconsideration of strategy, and even some rethinking of the Protocol itself...

 

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10/        Azerbaijan could produce 50 Bcm/year of gas by 2016: Bryza       (Platts, Wed 06 Jun)

 

http://www.platts.com/Natural%20Gas/News/8088099.xml?p=Natural%20Gas/News&sub=Natural%20Gas?src=energybulletin

 

Article:    Azerbaijan has the potential to produce as much as 50 billion cubic meters of gas/year from around 2016 onwards, US Deputy Assistant Secretary of State Matt Bryza said Wednesday.

 

Bryza told the 14th annual Caspian Oil and Gas Conference in Baku that Azerbaijan had the ability to reduce European dependence on Russian gas and provide sufficient gas to kick start new gas pipelines to Europe such as the 8-11 Bcm/yr Turkey-Greece-Italy interconnector and the proposed 25-31 Bcm/yr Nabucco pipeline from Turkey to Austria.

 

BP, the operator of the country's biggest gas field Shah Deniz, was equally optimistic in assessing Azerbaijan's gas potential.

 

BP Azerbaijan president Bill Schrader, buoyed by initial results from a new appraisal and exploration well at Shah Deniz, said that on the basis of existing operations and planned developments, gas production would double from around 10 Bcm this year to around 20 Bcm in 2010 and reach 30 Bcm in 2016.

 

Future opportunities mean Azerbaijan could raise output to around 45 Bcm in 2018 and for it to stabilize at just over 50 Bcm from 2021 onwards, he said.

 

"At its most exciting, [new well] SDX-04 has reached a record depth of 7,300 meters, enabling us to begin to understand the section of the reservoir below the main Shah Deniz sands," Schrader said.

 

"This was critical not just for evaluating the further potential of the Shah Deniz field, but also in providing information of crucial importance for wider exploration with the Azerbaijani section of the Caspian Sea," he said.

 

This was as close as Schrader came to signaling that BP may have found gas in zones that were untapped when Chevron drilled to a lesser depth at the nearby Absheron field some five years ago.

 

A senior official at France's Total, which is now negotiating with Azerbaijan to take over the field surrendered by Chevron, would not confirm, however, that there was a geological connection or correlation between Shah Deniz and Absheron. "It is a completely separate project from Shah Deniz," the official said.

 

Schrader said the current first stage at Shah Deniz, which is due to produce 8.8 Bcm/yr over a 15-year period from the end of this year to around 2023 before starting to tail off, represented only a fifth of the field's resource potential.

 

"And that doesn't take into consideration any unanticipated breakthroughs in technology which will be inevitably occur during the lifetime of this world class field," he said.

 

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